Cuban leader Miguel Díaz-Canel praised developments in the nation's electrical sector, claiming that Cuba is undergoing an energy transition of significant scale, although its full impact is yet to be realized. This statement comes as millions of citizens continue to endure prolonged blackouts, and the National Electric System (SEN) has experienced eight total collapses in 2026 alone.
During the conclusion of a two-day visit to the Ministry of Energy and Mines (MINEM) and three of its business groups, Díaz-Canel stated, "We have yet to fully grasp the energy transition we are currently spearheading," as reported by the state-run Canal Caribe.
His remarks followed the commendation of the installation of over 1,000 megawatts (MW) of solar photovoltaic capacity during 2025, a development that he claims has prevented even more severe generation deficits.
Nevertheless, the expansion of solar parks has failed to eliminate the rolling blackouts that disrupt daily life in Cuba, affecting everything from food preservation to water supply and essential services.
Financial Struggles and Organizational Changes in the Electrical System
On September 18, 2026, Cuba experienced its eighth total collapse of the National Electric System, leaving millions without power. The national grid took approximately 32 hours to reconnect, though this did not mean an immediate return of service for all consumers.
During his visit, Díaz-Canel engaged in discussions with leaders from the Union Eléctrica (UNE), CUPET, and the Geominsal Business Group to assess the implementation of 176 socioeconomic measures approved in June.
These meetings also included Prime Minister Manuel Marrero Cruz and Roberto Morales Ojeda, Secretary of Organization for the Cuban Communist Party's Central Committee.
Energy and Mines Minister Vicente de la O Levy highlighted the organizational changes within the Union Eléctrica as new generation sources are added. "The transformation of the UNE is a deeply cultural shift," he stated.
De la O Levy elaborated that the company is transitioning from managing a small number of large thermal power plants to operating a much broader network. This network already includes 144 solar photovoltaic parks and is expanding towards approximately 300 generation points.
Despite these changes, securing financial resources for maintaining the system's operations remains a significant challenge. "We must swiftly and intelligently seek income to alleviate the financial burden on the country," he emphasized.
Private Sector's Role in Energy Infrastructure
Díaz-Canel stressed that economic transformations should apply to both productive activities and the internal functioning of the Ministry of Energy and Mines. "The first entity that must undergo an energy transformation is this ministry," he remarked, approvingly noting the proposals from the business groups.
Another topic of discussion was the involvement of small and medium-sized private enterprises in maintaining key components of thermal power plants. Previously, private companies were limited to refrigeration, painting, and civil works but did not handle essential equipment for power generation.
A Communist Party member from MINEM, whose identity was not disclosed, acknowledged, "We hadn't tried involving a small enterprise in a thermal plant, working on a turbine or a generator." He cited a promising example at the Mariel thermal plant, where a small business worked on turbine and generator components in units 5 and 6.
Despite official rhetoric about an energy transformation, Cubans continue to face prolonged blackouts amid the ongoing deterioration of thermal power plants, machinery breakdowns, lack of maintenance, and fuel shortages.
Understanding Cuba's Energy Challenges
What is causing the ongoing blackouts in Cuba?
The blackouts in Cuba are primarily due to the deterioration of thermal power plants, machinery breakdowns, lack of maintenance, and fuel shortages.
How is the Cuban government addressing energy issues?
The government is implementing organizational changes, expanding solar photovoltaic capacity, and involving private enterprises in energy infrastructure maintenance. However, financial challenges persist.
What role does the private sector play in Cuba's energy system?
Small and medium-sized private enterprises are beginning to engage in maintaining essential components of thermal power plants, a new initiative aimed at improving efficiency.