In recent weeks, social media platforms have been flooded with videos allegedly filmed in Cuba, depicting startling scenes or political rumors. However, many of these clips are not genuine; they are crafted using Sora, an artificial intelligence developed by OpenAI, the same company behind ChatGPT. Sora can create entire videos from a simple written description, eliminating the need for cameras, actors, or actual settings. The result is digital scenes with people, places, and sounds so realistic they can easily be mistaken for genuine footage.
The second version, Sora 2, has significantly enhanced the realism of movements, shadows, and object physics. It also includes synchronized audio and the ability to add voices, sound effects, and even real faces and voices through a feature called Cameos. OpenAI claims that Sora 2 is still in the testing phase and available only in the United States and Canada, but similar tools are already circulating online.
The Spread of Misinformation in Cuba
In Cuba, pages and profiles like Periódico Patria 1892 have shared videos generated with this technology, contributing to the spread of false rumors. One of the most notable cases of misinformation involved the alleged death of Raúl Castro. It began on September 22 on the Ignacio Giménez Cuba page and was replicated by Periódico Patria 1892 without verifiable proof. A parody account of CiberCuba amplified the misinformation with a graphic montage. The fake hospitalization escalated to a supposed death that went viral.
How to Spot AI-Generated Fake Videos
Experts warn that such content can be used to manipulate public opinion and create false political narratives. To identify a fake video generated by artificial intelligence, look for unnatural movements or gestures, shadows or reflections that do not match, strange textures on hands, eyes, or backgrounds, and artificial voices or poor lip synchronization. In the case of Sora, its logo should appear, although new tools exist to remove it. Additionally, a lack of credible sources or media confirming the event is a red flag.
The Importance of Truth in the Face of AI Manipulation
Sharing false content only undermines the credibility of those seeking real change in Cuba. The truth is sufficient to demonstrate the magnitude of the crisis the country is experiencing: hunger, blackouts, infrastructure collapses, repression, and exodus do not need to be fabricated. Cubans endure them daily with verifiable facts. Disseminating manipulated news or videos provides the regime with arguments to discredit those who criticize it. Therefore, the commitment must always be to the truth. In a country where official lies have been the norm for over six decades, transparency and veracity are the most powerful weapons to unmask power and hasten its downfall.
With the increasing sophistication of artificial intelligence, obtaining information from verified sources and cross-checking facts is more crucial than ever.
Understanding the Impact of AI-Generated Videos
What is Sora and how does it work?
Sora is an artificial intelligence developed by OpenAI that can generate complete videos from a written description, creating realistic digital scenes without the need for physical filming.
Why are Sora-generated videos a concern in Cuba?
These videos are concerning because they can be used to spread misinformation and manipulate public opinion, potentially creating false political narratives.
How can you identify a video made by Sora?
Look for unnatural movements, mismatched shadows or reflections, unusual textures, artificial voices, or poor lip synchronization. Also, check for the presence of the Sora logo.