The cost of eggs in the United States has skyrocketed. A more aggressive strain of avian influenza, state-imposed restrictions on poultry farming, inflation, and a surge in holiday demand have all contributed to this crisis, which might take up to nine months to resolve. Nevertheless, prices are expected to climb even higher this year.
Between 2022 and 2023, the price of a dozen eggs in the U.S. more than doubled, rising from $1.93 to $4.82, and it hasn't stopped increasing since. In New York, a dozen eggs now costs around $6.06, while in California, it's reached $8.70. Official data indicates an 8.2% increase in November 2024 (the most recent data available), with an annual hike nearing 70% at the close of last year.
At the heart of these exorbitant prices is a more lethal variant of avian flu, which, according to El País, was detected in 48 of the 50 states two years ago. This epidemic has impacted 134 million birds across the nation, leading experts to label it as the worst outbreak in U.S. history. Some supermarkets have resorted to limiting egg purchases to two cartons per person due to shortages. In Florida, prices have soared to $10.50, prompting consumers to remark that eggs are now pricier than shrimp.
However, the avian flu is not solely to blame. California's Proposition 12, which imposes specific space requirements for hen housing, is also a significant factor. Similar legislation is now in effect in Arizona, Nevada, Oregon, Michigan, Washington, Colorado, and Massachusetts. Besides regulatory impacts, inflation and high holiday demand have further exacerbated the situation. Experts predict that the egg crisis will resolve within six to nine months, yet official forecasts suggest an 11.4% price increase for this year.
As of January 2023, Florida had the second-highest egg prices in the nation, according to data from a grocery delivery and pickup service operating in the U.S. and Canada. However, by May of that year, wholesale prices dropped below a dollar per dozen, with media outlets like CNN forecasting a continued decline—a prediction that ultimately did not materialize. Experts attribute the temporary price drop to decreased market demand, which initially led to a belief that the crisis was over.
In December, the exorbitant egg prices prompted a Cuban consumer to publicly decry paying $20 for a 60-egg carton at Walmart. "First it was $5, then $7, $9, $11... and now $20! How long will Walmart's hens keep having a fever?" he exclaimed in a viral TikTok video.
Understanding the Egg Price Surge in the U.S.
What factors are contributing to the rise in egg prices?
The surge in egg prices is attributed to a more lethal strain of avian flu, state-imposed restrictions on poultry farming, inflation, and increased demand around the holiday season.
How long is the egg price crisis expected to last?
Experts estimate that the egg price crisis might be resolved within six to nine months, although prices are expected to continue rising in the near term.
Which states have implemented new regulations affecting egg prices?
California's Proposition 12, requiring specific space for hen housing, has influenced egg prices. Similar regulations are in place in Arizona, Nevada, Oregon, Michigan, Washington, Colorado, and Massachusetts.